Challenges in the Handling of Indonesian Migrant Workers by the Nunukan District Police in the Border Area of Nunukan Regency

2026-08-21T18:18:53+00:00

Nunukan Regency, located on the Indonesia–Malaysia border, is a strategic transit area for Indonesian Migrant Workers (PMI) but is highly vulnerable to undocumented migration, human trafficking, people smuggling, and violations of migrant workers’ rights. This study examines the diplomatic role of the Nunukan Resort Police (Polres Nunukan) in handling migrant workers and identifies the challenges encountered in border governance. The research employs an empirical legal approach using statutory and sociological methods. Primary data were collected through interviews with officers from Polres Nunukan and the Center for the Protection of Indonesian Migrant Workers (BP3MI), while secondary data were obtained from legislation, books, scientific journals, and relevant documents. The findings reveal that Polres Nunukan adopts a collaborative diplomatic approach by strengthening coordination and communication with BP3MI, the Immigration Office, the Indonesian National Armed Forces (TNI), local government, and other stakeholders to enhance prevention, supervision, law enforcement, and legal protection for migrant workers. Major challenges include extensive border areas, numerous unofficial crossing routes, limited personnel and infrastructure, high migrant mobility, and inadequate public awareness of legal migration procedures. To address these issues, Polres Nunukan intensifies inter-agency cooperation, strengthens border patrols and surveillance, expands public education on safe migration, and takes firm legal action against human trafficking and illegal recruitment networks. The study concludes that effective protection of Indonesian migrant workers in border regions requires not only strong law enforcement but also sustained institutional collaboration to ensure comprehensive legal protection and improve border governance.

The Convergence of Television Broadcasting and Social Media: Reconstructing the Mass Communication Model in Indonesia's Digital Platform Era

2026-08-25T16:22:43+00:00

This study aims to analyze the convergence of television broadcasting and social media and to reconstruct the mass communication model in Indonesia's digital platform era. The rapid development of digital technology has transformed the broadcasting system, particularly in terms of content distribution, production processes, gatekeeping mechanisms, and the role of audiences in mass communication.

This study employs a qualitative approach using a multiple case study design. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, non-participant observation, and document analysis. Informants were selected using purposive sampling and included media executives, journalists, social media managers, communication scholars, regulators, and digital media practitioners. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis through the stages of data reduction, coding, theme development, interpretation, and conclusion drawing. The trustworthiness of the findings was ensured through source triangulation and methodological triangulation.

The findings reveal four major themes. First, broadcasting institutions have adopted multiplatform strategies by utilizing various social media platforms to expand information distribution. Second, news production has evolved toward integrated newsroom systems designed to meet the demands of digital audiences. Third, the gatekeeping process has shifted from being primarily editorial-driven to a hybrid model combining editorial judgment with digital platform algorithms. Fourth, audiences have transformed from passive recipients of information into prosumers who actively produce, share, and interpret media content. The study concludes that the convergence of television broadcasting and social media has reconstructed the mass communication model into one that is more integrated, interactive, participatory, and audience-centered within Indonesia's digital media ecosystem.

Journal Social Civilecial

Challenges in the Handling of Indonesian Migrant Workers by the Nunukan District Police in the Border Area of Nunukan Regency

The Convergence of Television Broadcasting and Social Media: Reconstructing the Mass Communication Model in Indonesia's Digital Platform Era